A Rising Respiratory Concern in Children & Adults

According to recent reports from the CDC, bacterial infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae are on the rise. In the second half of 2024 alone, emergency department records across the country reported an increasing number of patients diagnosed with M. pneumoniae-associated pneumonia or acute bronchitis. They also noted a 50% increase in pediatric hospitalizations related to M. pneumoniae as compared to 2023. 

What is M. pneumoniae?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a tiny bacterial pathogen that causes respiratory infections. The organism spreads through respiratory droplets when infected people cough or sneeze. The spread is highly contagious and frequently results in "walking pneumonia" —generally milder than typical bacterial pneumonia. Symptoms typically include persistent dry cough, fatigue, mild fever, and gradual onset of breathing difficulties.

Restoring health depends on getting a timely diagnosis and care. 

In dealing with mycoplasma pneumoniae, the challenge lies in distinguishing it from viral infections. Diagnostic tests include chest X-rays, blood tests, and swabs of respiratory secretions to perform polymerase chain reaction testing (PCR). 

Treatment recommendations typically involve antibiotic therapy, rest, adequate hydration, and over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms. Although most cases, with proper care, tend to resolve within a few weeks, some patients may experience a lingering cough. For individuals with underlying respiratory conditions or those who develop complications, additional care is needed to help ensure optimal recovery and prevent long-term respiratory issues. Severe cases can require hospitalization and respiratory support.

What we advise

At the office of North Jersey Pulmonary Associates, we emphasize the importance of prevention, timely diagnosis, and care. We strongly recommend essential preventive measures such as regular handwashing with soap and water, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals. In settings like schools and healthcare facilities, proper ventilation and routine disinfection of shared surfaces help to reduce transmission. Even though no vaccine is available, maintaining a strong immune system through adequate sleep, balanced nutrition, and regular exercise can also help reduce one's susceptibility. Finally, as M. pneumoniae can be highly contagious during the first few weeks, those with symptoms should stay home to avoid spreading the infection.